There are many oral health conditions that a general dentist can detect on an X-ray. Each patient's unique situation determines how often X-rays are used.
X-rays are used to diagnose problems such as gum disease, cavities, and infection. Without this diagnostic advantage, a general dentist may not be able to give the most accurate treatment plan. For example, some cavities start between the teeth and in the beginning stages are only visible on an X-ray. While the tooth may look sound on the surface, the imaging tells a different story. This helps the dentist treat a problem when it is smaller, so the treatment is usually less invasive for the patient. A tooth that needs a filling can eventually need a root canal if left untreated, and the decay can progress quickly in some cases.
Often, a dental hygienist or assistant exposes the X-rays. A lead apron is placed over the patient's abdomen and thyroid because radiation cannot pass through lead. A special sensor captured the X-ray image; it can be a film or digital sensor.
Bitewing X-rays show the spaces between the teeth in detail. Periapical images show the roots of the teeth and can help the doctor diagnose any infection or abscesses. A panoramic exposure shows the general dentist all the teeth, the jawbone, and other supporting structures.
The frequency of dental X-rays needed varies for each patient. Typically, bitewing X-rays are taken yearly. A full-mouth series or a panoramic may be taken every three to five years.
However, if you have special circumstances, such as being prone to cavities or at a higher risk for gum disease, X-rays may be warranted more often. For example, your doctor may order more frequent X-rays of any teeth with root canals to check for signs of infection. Those with active periodontal disease may need more frequent films to monitor progression of the disease.
